天装战队护星者

【文/观察者网 熊超然】当地时间5月15日，据斯洛伐克多家媒体报道，斯洛伐克总理罗伯特·菲佐（Robert Fico）在中部城镇汉德洛瓦遭枪击，随后被送往医院。

二 |     In a twisted tale of criminal impersonation, cheating, and conspiracy, a man from India's Bihar state's Jamui district has been found guilty of impersonating the missing son of a wealthy landlord for 41 years.,The imposter, identified as Dayanand Gosain, not only pretended to be Kanhaiya Singh, the missing son of an affluent family from Murgawan village, but also used his fake identity to go to college, get married, and raise a family, a BBC report has revealed.,He gave biometrics for a national identity card as Kanhaiya Singh, cast his votes, paid taxes, bought a licensed gun, and sold 37 acres of Singh's property.,Entry of Imposter,It reportedly all started in September 1981, when Gosain, in his early 20s, arrived in a village barely 15 km from where Kanhaiya lived. He told the locals that he was the "son of a prominent person" in Murgawan village, and that he now sings and begs for a living.,The news of the return of the missing son spread like wildfire in the village and reached the ears of Kanhaiya's father Kameshwar Singh, who rushed to see for himself. Singh, as well as some of his neighbors, reportedly believed that the imposter was indeed Kanhaiya and he was brought back home.,"My eyes are failing and I can't see him properly. If you say he is my son, I will keep him," Singh told them, according to police records.,Identity Theft Suspected,The story took an interesting turn when Kanhaiya's mother, Ramsakhi Devi, told people that the man was not her son, but an imposter trying to cheat everyone and get the inheritance.,Devi revealed that Kanhaiya had a "cut mark on the left side of his head" which was missing on this man. In another incident, Kanhaiya failed to recognize a teacher from the boy's school.,Days after the incident, Devi filed a case of impersonation against the imposter, after which the man was arrested briefly and spent a month in jail before securing bail. After he was out on bail, the imposter continued to pretend to be Kanhaiya and also tried to "kill" his original identity with a fake death certificate.,Gosain steadfastly refused to provide a DNA sample to match with the landlord's daughter Vidya to prove that they were siblings.,Under the false identity, the criminal pursued a bachelor's degree in English, politics, and philosophy at a local college, which found his conduct "satisfactory". A year later, in 1982, Singh had Gosain married off to a woman of his own landowning caste and had two sons and three daughters.,In 1991, Kanhaiya's father, owning, by one estimate, more than 60 acres of land, passed away, after which the imposter inherited half of a nearly century-old, two-story mansion in Murgawan.,Shocking Detail Revealed During Investigation,Kanhaiya was only 16 when he went missing and "returned" after four years.,During the court trial, when Judge Manvendra Mishra asked Gosain where he had lived all these years, the imposter reportedly said that he had stayed with a holy man in his ashram in the neighboring state of Uttar Pradesh's Gorakhpur city.,However, Gosain couldn't provide any witnesses to back up his claim.,Chittaranjan Kumar, a senior police officer in Jamui, dug up details of Gosain's background and revealed that he was the youngest of four sons of a farmer in the Jamui district in Bihar who had left his home in 1981 and sang and begged for a living.,Gosain had earlier been married, but his wife left him soon after and got remarried and settled down.,The investigation team noticed that Gosain's official documents had different dates of birth - January 1966 in high school records, February 1960 on his national identity card, and 1965 on his voter identity card. A 2009 local government card for accessing food rations listed his age as 45 years, which would mean he was born in 1964. Gosain's family said he was "about 62", which would tally with his birth date on the national card.,Kanhaiya's childhood friend and relative, Gopal Singh, a senior Supreme Court lawyer, remembers Kanhaiya as a "timid, shy and amiable" boy. But when he saw Gosain, Gopal said that he didn't resemble Kanhaiya at all.,Gosain Busted After Three-Decade Court Trial,The imposter's fraud was busted after more than four decades, when a trial court held hearings without break for 44 days in February 2022.,According to Indian media, the court found all seven defense witnesses unreliable. The defense produced a death certificate declaring Dayanand Gosain dead, but it was dated May 2014, and said that Gosain had died in January 1982.,The court charged Gosain with forgery and also questioned the defense why a death certificate had been made 32 years after the person's death.,"To prove himself as Kanhaiya, Gosain killed himself", Judge Mishra reportedly stated.,Moreover, Gosain's refusal to provide DNA samples for more than eight years made the case even more suspicious, with the court stating that a DNA test would expose Gosain's false identity.,Judge Mishra found Gosain guilty and in June, a higher court upheld the order and imposed seven years of "rigorous imprisonment".,The court believed there was a wider conspiracy involving several people from Murgawan who had helped "plant" Gosain into Singh's family as his lost son. The judge suspected that these people could have bought land owned by Singh and later sold by Gosain as his natural heir. Both the claims have yet to be investigated.,Family's Reaction,Gosain's eldest son Gautam Kumar said the family had never doubted their father's identity and that he had never discussed the "impersonation case" with his father.,"He (Gossain) is our father. If my grandfather had accepted him as his son, who are we to question him? How can you not trust your father?" he reportedly asked.,"Now after all these years, our lives and identities are hanging in balance because my father's identity has been taken away. We live in so much anxiety".,Want to know more? Check out our Koo & Telegram accounts!,Koo: https://www.kooapp.com/profile/sputniknews,Sputnik India: https://t.me/sputniknewsindia。报道称，菲佐腹部、胳膊和腿部明显受伤，曾一度传出“有生命危险”。当天晚些时候，斯洛伐克副总理塔拉巴透露，目前菲佐已脱离生命危险。

“四度出任总理”、“亲俄”、“反西方”、“对欧立场反复”、“反对援助乌克兰”、“欧尔班的老友”……自步入政坛以来，菲佐的身上贴满了这类形形色色的标签，而当地缘政治格局、移民危机、右翼势力崛起以及俄乌冲突等问题已然不断加剧之际，菲佐遇刺似乎让斯洛伐克这个国家乃至整个欧洲大陆变得更加混乱。

那么，菲佐到底是一个什么样的政治人物？他的政治立场和人格特性是怎样的？四度上台的他，在斯洛伐克国内政治中扮演何种形象？以及，这次遇刺事件是偶发事件还是其他各种因素催生的必然结果？

菲佐1964年9月15日出生于当时捷克斯洛伐克一个工人阶级家庭，后来成为了一名律师。

三 | 1987年，他加入捷克斯洛伐克共产党，后来又加入了斯洛伐克共产党演变而来的民主左派党（SDL）。

上世纪90年代，在斯洛伐克于1993年1月1日成为独立主权国家后，菲佐曾在欧洲人权法院和欧洲人权委员会担任代表斯洛伐克共和国的政府代理人。1999年，他创立了斯洛伐克方向党（Smer，后更名为现在的社会民主—方向党），成为该党主席，此后一直是该党的关键人物。

菲佐及其领导的方向党，最常被描述为“左翼民粹主义者”，不过，他也经常被比作所谓“右翼政治家”，如同邻国匈牙利的领导人欧尔班。

2023年9月30日，斯洛伐克举行独立后的第九次国民议会选举，社会民主—方向党以22.94%的得票率获胜，获得议会150席中的42席，成为议会第一大党。随后，社会民主—方向党与偏左的声音—社会民主党、极右的斯洛伐克国民党组成执政联盟，执政联盟共有79席。

四 | 2023年10月25日，新一届政府正式成立，党主席菲佐出任总理。

五 |

值得一提的是，此次也是菲佐第四次担任斯洛伐克总理，他曾于2006年、2012年、2016年三度担任这一重要职位。

英国《卫报》介绍称，在国际社会当中，菲佐既钦佩俄罗斯总统普京，称如果普京来到斯洛伐克，不会允许他因所谓“国际通缉令”被捕；也钦佩匈牙利总理欧尔班，称“他捍卫了自己国家和人民的利益”。

与此同时，菲佐在政坛也犹如一位“战术家”，在30年的从政生涯中，针对国内选民，他成功地在主流的亲欧盟立场和强烈的民族主义、反西方言论之间自如游走。

六 | 事实证明，他非常愿意根据民意或政治现实改变策略。

七 |

按照菲佐说法，“他心中只有斯洛伐克的利益”，因此在许多问题上直言不讳，猛烈抨击欧盟和国际非政府组织，反击其竞争对手。在移民、建立穆斯林社区、同性婚姻，以及疫情期间的口罩、封控和疫苗接种等问题上，他也持反对态度。

美联社则指出，菲佐领导的政党在去年的议会选举中，以“亲俄”和“反美”的纲领获胜，他誓言要停止向乌克兰提供军事援助，将在职权范围内“尽一切努力”促成俄乌和平谈判，同时指责以美国为首的北约挑起了这场俄乌冲突。

八 |

不过，《卫报》形容菲佐“战术游走自如”其实不无道理。值得注意的是，在菲佐第四度出任总理后，斯洛伐克议会今年1月通过了一项授权国防部批准武器出口的修正案，为国有和私营军火商继续向乌克兰出口武器铺平了道路。

九 | 报道认为，这与菲佐去年选举前的立场大相径庭，犹如“对乌政策180度大掉头”。批评人士认为，菲佐政府背后的军火商们从俄乌冲突中获益颇丰，菲佐选前的姿态可能只是为了吸引选票。

然而，尽管如此，仍有批评人士担心，菲佐正在放弃斯洛伐克的亲西方路线，特别是担心他会跟随匈牙利总理欧尔班的政策方向。

十 | 正因如此，自他再度上台执政以来，有数千人多次走上斯洛伐克街头，集会抗议其亲俄的外交政策和其他国内政策，包括修改刑法、取消特别反贪检察官和控制公共媒体的计划。

除此之外，菲佐誓言要奉行“主权”外交政策，承诺对移民和非政府组织采取强硬立场，并发起反对LGBTQ+群体权利的运动，加上他及其政党多年来有一些腐败指控和丑闻缠身，尽管他一再否认，但其批评者还是表达了担忧。

十一 |

菲佐在有关新闻媒体的问题上，多次让他陷入争议。2018年，他就曾受到斯洛伐克调查记者库什克及其未婚妻被谋杀事件持续发酵的波及。

十二 | 此事件不但导致政坛震荡，文化部长、内务部长在两周内相继辞职，他此后也不得不宣布辞任总理，以平息局势。

库什克生前一直在调查和报道斯洛伐克政商勾结逃税和欺诈的行为，并将矛头直指执政党和总理菲佐。库什克生前的最后一篇报道文章指出，与意大利黑手党“光荣会”有关的一批意大利商人已在斯洛伐克东部定居多年，并大批盗用欧盟资金经营该地区。库什克称，总理首席国家顾问、前超模特罗斯科娃和国家安全委员会秘书杰森等都与这批商人有关。

今年4月，菲佐政府批准了一项废除公共广播公司的提案，并以一个新的机构取而代之。这项计划遭到了国内反对党的猛烈批评，反对派认为，这将使政府完全控制公共广播和电视。

值得注意的是，在如今菲佐遭遇的这起遇刺事件中，被捕的枪手已被确认是名叫尤拉伊·辛图拉（Juraj Cintula）的71岁男性，斯洛伐克内政部长透露，“初步信息清楚地表明，这是出于政治动机”。

欧洲新闻台（euronews）援引斯洛伐克当地电视台报道称，在辛图拉被捕后不久，有一段视频在斯洛伐克媒体间广泛传播。视频中，疑似该名嫌犯表示，其本人不同意斯洛伐克政府的政策以及对于国家媒体的立场。

十三 | “大众媒体已被清算。RTVS（斯洛伐克广播公司）为什么会受到攻击？”

“菲佐总理是一个分裂国家的分裂政治家。”美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）分析认为，自他重新上台执政以来，斯洛伐克人对该国在世界上的方向和地位一直存在严重分歧。“政客新闻网”欧洲版（politico.eu）也认为，菲佐遇刺案的根源在于斯洛伐克国内存在的激烈分歧。

报道称，在遇刺案发生后的新闻发布会上，斯洛伐克内政部长埃斯托克呼吁人们结束在社交媒体的暴力语言和攻击谩骂，这些已成为菲佐时代之下斯洛伐克政治的定义。

十四 | “我想呼吁公众、记者和所有政客停止传播仇恨。”他担忧地警告说：“我们正处于内战的边缘。”

CNN也提到，在今年4月竞争激烈的总统大选中，菲佐巩固了对权力的控制，因为他的亲密盟友彼得·佩莱格里尼（Peter Pellegrini）当选，并预计将于6月就任。值得一提的是，2018年时，佩莱格里尼曾是菲佐的副手，在菲佐因记者遇害案而被迫辞去总理职位后，佩莱格里尼于当年3月22日成为总理。

针对枪击事件，佩莱格里尼在社交平台上表示，“我对不同政治观点的仇恨可能导致的结果感到震惊。我们不必同意所有事情，但有很多方式可以民主和合法地表达我们的分歧。

十五 | ”

斯洛伐克现任总统、也是该国首位女性国家元首的苏珊娜·查普托娃（Zuzana Caputova）表示，“对针对菲佐的残忍袭击感到非常震惊”，并表示“最强烈的谴责”。查普托娃是斯洛伐克国内亲西方政治势力的代表，一直在俄乌冲突中持支持乌克兰的立场。不过，在去年6月收到死亡威胁后，她宣布不会竞选连任，任期将于今年年6月15日届满。

欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩将该次袭击事件称为“卑鄙的攻击”，并表示强烈谴责。而与菲佐关系非同一般的匈牙利总理欧尔班也发文表示，“我对我的朋友，斯洛伐克总理菲佐遭受的令人发指的袭击深感震惊”。